Time Constraints: Tight project deadlines might limit the time available for design, procurement, and installation. Efficient solutions that can be quickly implemented without compromising quality are essential.

Cost Constraints: Limited project budget might limit the time available for design, procurement, and installation. Besides, the raw material shall be used carefully to stand on the budget limit without affecting the structure strength.

First type: (Ring flange with pipe)
Support Location System security is maximized by positioning the supports immediately behind the pipe bells. When the support is placed near the bell, the bell section contributes beneficial ring stiffness where it is most needed. This ring stiffness, in turn, reduces the effect of support loads and localized stress. Supports should normally not be placed under spigots adjacent to bells, due to possible undesirable effects on joints.

Cost Inefficiencies: The client might have faced high costs related to frequent repairs, maintenance, or even redesigning support systems to address ongoing issues.

Complex Design and Implementation: Existing solutions might not have been flexible or adaptable enough to handle complex tunnel designs or varying ground conditions, leading to design and implementation challenges.

Difficulty of communication: since the company is foreign, therefore the communication is not as easy as it appears.

Steel solutions would address these challenges by providing strong, durable, and adaptable support systems capable of handling a range of geotechnical conditions a n d structural requirements.